Ap Psychology Notes Myers 8th Edition Chapter 17
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Myers' Psychology for AP*
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Myers' Psychology for AP*
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Myers' Psychology for AP* David G. Myers
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Unit 1:Psychology's History and Approaches
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Unit Overview • What is Psychology? • Contemporary Psychology Click on the any of the above hyperlinks to go to that section in the presentation.
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What is Psychology?
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Psychology's RootsPrescientific Psychology • Ancient Greeks • Socrates • Plato • Aristotle
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Psychology's RootsPrescientific Psychology • Rene Descartes - Dualism • Francis Bacon • John Locke • Tabula Rasa (blank slate) • Empiricism
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Psychology's RootsPsychological Science is Born • Wilhelm Wundt (1879) • University of Leipzig • Reaction time experiment
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Psychology's RootsThinking About the Mind's Structure • Edward Titchener • Structuralism • introspection
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Psychology's RootsThinking About the Mind's Function • William James • Functionalism • Mary Calkins • Margaret Floy Washburn • Experimental psychology
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Psychological Science Develops • Sigmund Freud
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Psychological Science Develops • Behaviorism • John B. Watson • B.F. Skinner • "study of observable behavior"
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Psychological Science Develops • Humanistic psychology • Carl Rogers • Abraham Maslow • Cognitive Neuroscience
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Psychological Science Develops • Psychology • Science • Behavior • Mental processes
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Contemporary Psychology
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Psychology's Biggest Question • Nature – Nurture Issue • Biology versus experience • History • Greeks • Rene Descartes • Charles Darwin • Natural selection
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Psychology's Three Main Levels of Analysis • Levels of Analysis • Biological • Psychological • Social-cultural • Biopsychosocial Approach
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Psychology's Three Main Levels of Analysis
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Psychology's Three Main Levels of Analysis
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Psychology's Three Main Levels of Analysis
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Psychology's Three Main Levels of Analysis
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Psychological Approaches/Perspectives • Biological psychology • Evolutionary psychology • Psychodynamic psychology • Behavioral psychology • Cognitive psychology • Humanistic psychology • Social-cultural psychology
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Psychological Approaches/Perspectives
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Psychological Approaches/Perspectives
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Psychological Approaches/Perspectives
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Psychological Approaches/Perspectives
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Psychological Approaches/Perspectives
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Psychological Approaches/Perspectives
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Psychological Approaches/Perspectives
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Psychological Approaches/Perspectives
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Psychological Approaches/Perspectives
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Psychology's Subfields • Psychometrics • Basic Research • Developmental psychology • Educational psychology • Personality psychology • Social psychology
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Psychology's Subfields • Applied Research • Industrial/organizational psychology • Human factors psychology • Counseling psychology • Clinical psychology • Psychiatry
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Tips for Studying Psychology • SQ3R • Study Tips • Distribute your study time • Learn to think critically • In class, listen actively • Overlearn • Be a smart test-taker
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The End
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Definition Slides
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Empiricism = the view that knowledge originates in experience and that science should, therefore, rely on observation and experimentation.
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Structuralism = an early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the structural elements of the human mind.
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Functionalism = a school of psychology that focused on how our mental and behavioral processes function – how they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish.
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Experimental Psychology = the study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method.
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Behaviorism = the view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes. • Most research psychologists today agree with (1) but not with (2).
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Humanistic Psychology = historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people and the individual's potential for personal growth.
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Cognitive Neuroscience = the interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (including perception, thinking, memory, and language).
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Psychology = the science of behavior and mental processes.
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Nature-Nurture Issue = the longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors. • Today's science sees traits and behaviors arising from the interaction of nature and nurture.
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Natural Selection = the principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations.
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Levels of Analysis = the differing complementary views, from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon.
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Biopsychosocial Approach = an integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis.
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Biological Psychology = a branch of psychology that studies the links between biological (including neuroscience and behavior genetics) and psychological processes.
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Evolutionary Psychology = the study of the roots of behavior and mental processes using the principles of natural selection.
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Psychodynamic Psychology = a branch of psychology that studies how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior, and uses that information to treat people with psychological disorders.
Ap Psychology Notes Myers 8th Edition Chapter 17
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